A computer is an electronic machine which can accept data in a certain form, process the data, and give the results of the processing in a specified format as information.
First, data is fed into the computer's memory. Then, when the program is run, the computer performs a set of instructions and processes the data. Finally, we can see the results (the output) on the screen or in printed form
A computer system consists of two parts: hardware and software Hardware is any electronic or mechanical part you can see or touch. Software is a set of instructions, called a program, which tells the computer what to do. There are three basic hardware sections: the central processing unit (CPU), main memory and peripherals Perhaps the most influential component is the central processing unit. Its function is to execute program instructions and coordinate the activities of all the other units. In a way, it is the brain of the computer. The main memory (a collection of RAM chips) holds the instructions and data which are being processed by the CPU. Peripherals are the physical units attached to the computer. They include storage devices and input/output devices.
Storage devices (hard drives, DVD drives or flash drives) provide a permanent storage of both data and programs. Disk drives are used to read and write data on disks. Input devices enable data to go into the computer's memory. The most common input devices are the mouse and the keyboard. Output devices enable us to extract the finished product from the system. For example, the computer shows the output on the monitor or prints the results onto paper by means of a printer.
Let’s discuss some of the importance of learning it as a professional.
Increases your Information Sources
Increases Your Travel Chances
It Sharpens your Mind
Widens your Job Prospects
It Develops Discipline
1. English is used in very many countries in the world. Understanding English will broaden the number of countries you can visit.
2. With frequent activities such as reading, writing, speaking, and memorizing in English classes, you will learn to be consistent and disciplined in your professional job
3. Most information available online for professional use is in English.
4. The demand for fluent English speakers in professional environments is high as they help build a long working relationship with clients through effective communication and negotiations.
5. The ability to switch between English and your primary language is what brings these enhanced mind functions.
40 English words every IT professional should know
1. Access
· Definition: To enter or use something
· Example: “No one can access the computers in the library without setting up an account with the librarian.”
2. Analysis
· Definition: A thorough examination of something
· Example: “The programmer determined in his requirements analysis that users would sign in with their username, password, and zip code..”
3. Application
· Definition: A program developed to perform a certain task (often abbreviated as “app”)
· Example: “I found a free application that can test the performance and security of your web browser.
4. Back up
· Definition: To make a copy of data
· Example: “Did you back up all the code we did today? I don’t want to have to redo it.”
5. Bandwidth
· Definition: The maximum amount of information that can be transmitted over an internet connection
· Example: “Video streaming services require a high bandwidth to function properly.”
6. Boot up
· Definition: To turn on, start up, or power on a device
· Example: “I tried to boot up my laptop this morning, but I got a startup error message.”
7. Bug
· Definition: An error or problem in computer software that causes a program to behave unexpectedly or malfunction
· Example: “The computer completely crashed after being hit by a software bug.”
8. Certification
· Definition: Documentation of competency in a specific subject or skill awarded by a recognized institution
· Example: “You should earn a certification in English for IT developers so that you can keep up with new tech trends.”
9. Compatible
· Definition: Being able to operate with other programs or equipment
· Example: “Unfortunately, this app is not compatible with Windows 11, so we’ll have to find an alternative.”
10. Connect
· Definition: To establish a link between a device and a server or between two separate devices
· Example: “Could you help me connect my laptop to the LED projector? I can’t figure out if it’s a hard-wired or wireless connection.”
11. Database
· Definition: An organized collection of information that is stored on a server or computer
· Example: “Government organizations have large databases that store very sensitive information.”
12. Develop
· Definition: To create something, or make it more advanced or complex
· Example: “The company asked the IT department to develop a software program that tracks user behavior on their website.”
13. Download
· Definition: To copy data from one device or server to another, usually over the internet
· Example: “I plan to download all the PDFs from the website and save them in a folder on my computer.”
14. Drawback
· Definition: A feature of something that is a disadvantage, problem, or obstacle
· Example: “The chief drawback of this software design is that the existing code makes it hard to add new features.”
15. Efficient
· Definition: Achieving maximum productivity without wasting time, effort, and/or money
· Example: “One way to determine if software development is efficient is to record how many lines of code each programmer produces per month.”
16. Environment
· Definition: The circumstances or conditions in which something lives or operates
· Example: “When developing an app, software engineers use a beta environment to try out their product.”
17. Equipment
· Definition: Tools and devices used to complete a job.
· Example: “IT specialists use a variety of equipment, like text editors and debuggers, to do their jobs.”
18. File
· Definition: A collection of digital information stored and saved in one unit on an electronic device
· Example: “I saved the contact information of all our employees in an Excel file.”
19. Gadget
· Definition: A small electronic device that is often new and unconventional
· Example: “One computer programmer in my office works with a cool gadget: a laser keyboard.”
20. Hardware
· Definition: Physical parts of an electronic device, both inside and outside
· Example: “The computer hardware, such as the CPU and motherboard, were damaged when my coworker spilled water on my laptop.
21. Install
· Definition: To set up for use or service
· Example: “If you’re having trouble trying to install updates on your computer, run the troubleshooter application.”
22. Instructions
· Definition: Directions or orders that help someone perform or complete a job
· Example: “The company sent the software developer clear instructions to help him effectively design the program they wanted.”
23. Integrate
· Definition: To merge two or more things together
· Example: “The department store decided to integrate its purchasing system with its supplier’s inventory system to communicate their demand in real-time.”
24. Intranet
· Definition: A restricted or private computer network
· Example: “The airline company’s corporate intranet can only be accessed by its employees.”
25. Latest
· Definition: Newest or most recent
· Example: “One of the latest software engineering trends is that an increase in remote work has led to an increase in cloud computing.”
26. Log in
· Definition: To provide specific information in order to access a restricted website, system, application, or device
· Example: “After you log in to your email account, don’t forget to log out so that no one can access your private messages.”
27. Maintain
· Definition: To keep something in good condition
· Example: “I manually install security updates every three months to maintain the safety of my web application.”
28. Matrix
· Definition: A group of electronic circuit structures laid out in rows and columns
· Example: “A traceability matrix helps software developers identify and confirm the completeness of user requirements based on test scenarios.”
29. Monitor
· Definition: To repeatedly observe, check on, and review the progress or quality of something over time
· Example: “Effective computer programmers monitor their progress as they complete a project and ensure they meet all required deadlines.”
30. Network
· Definition: A system of connected devices that can share information with each other
· Example: “If one computer on a network is infected with a software bug, it could affect the other devices connected to it.”
31. Perform
· Definition: To carry out specific functions or operations
· Example: “I want my laptop to perform better, so I’m going to purchase an external hard drive to free up some space.”
32. Port
· Definition: A physical or virtual point of connection to link two devices or networks so they can share data
· Example: “You can plug your USB into the port on your laptop so that you can copy the files onto your flash drive.”
33. Reboot
· Definition: To restart a device or operating system
· Example: “After I downloaded the system update, I had to reboot my computer.”
34. Reduce
· Definition: To make something smaller or less of
· Example: “We’ll have to reduce the size of the file or we can’t send it over email.”
35. Software
· Definition: A set of programs and instructions that an operating system uses to function
· Example: “There are computer software programs that enable users to browse the internet, manage data, edit photos, and more.”
36. Solve
· Definition: To find a way to address a problem
· Example: “IT professionals are often asked to solve issues regarding data security, software integration, and computer performance.”
37. Specifications
· Definition: A detailed description of a product’s design, parts, features, etc.
· Example: “The customer sent the design specifications to the website developer and outlined exactly how he wanted it.”
38. Task
· Definition: An action that needs to be completed
· Example: “Software developers must be able to perform many tasks, such as producing efficient code.”
39. Transfer
· Definition: To move or send something from one place to another
· Example: “We will have to transfer all of our existing files to our new network so that we don’t lose any valuable data.”
40. Upgrade
· Definition: To improve, enhance, or update something
· Example: “The IT department will come in today to upgrade everyone’s computers to the latest operating system.”
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