Active Words and Word Combinations
assembly hall актовый зал
assess [a'ses] v оценивать
credit test зачет
curriculum расписаниеn
attend [a'tend] v посещать
be at the top of the group быть лучшим в группе] n
diploma дипломn
be strong at a subject хорошо успевать
entrance exam вступительный экзамен
excellent отличный
be weak не успевать a at a subject по какому-л.
fall behind отставать предмету
call the register отмечать присутствующих
get a diploma получать диплом
graduate заканчивать v учебное заведение
course n курс (обучения, лекций)
hostel n общежитие
make (good) progress делать успехи
make notes делать записи
pass an exam in сдать экзамен
(по какому-л.предмету)
postgraduate выпускник;
аспирант
register n журнал
research n исследование
scholarship стипендия
take an exam in сдавать экзамен
term n четверть;семестр
uniform формаn
work by fits and starts заниматься урывками, нерегулярно
work regularly заниматься регулярно
Education in Russia
Children start school at the age of six in Russia. The course of
studies at school is eleven years now: four years of primary school and
seven years of secondary school. Previously it was only ten years: three
years of primary school and seven years of secondary school. Children
under the age of six are taken to creches and nursery schools.
There is a wide choice of schools nowadays: state schools, private
schools, lyceums and gymnasiums. The majority of schools is free of
charge, but in some (usually private ones) parents have to pay for the
education of their children. In ordinary schools parents sometimes pay
for additional subjects in the curriculum, such as a foreign language or
arts. Though it is generally not a demand, most children can already
read and write when they start their school: this makes education much
easier for them.
In primary school there are three or four lessons a day, they usually
are Reading, Writing and Arithmetic. A lesson lasts forty minutes. During
the first term children get used to learning and adapt to school
regulations. Beginning with the second term of the first year at school,
children also take Handicrafts, Drawing, Music and Physical Education.
The list of subjects under study is further extended during the
second, third and fourth years and includes the World History of Arts,
Fundamentals of Security, History, Geography, and others. At primary
schools all lessons are usually conducted by one teacher.
At the age of ten children pass to the second stage of education,
known as secondary school. In secondary school there is a wide variety
of subjects under study, and teachers specialize. The transition from
primary to secondary school is sometimes difficult for children. After
finishing the ninth form and getting the Certificate of Basic Secondary
Education, schoolchildren may either continue their education in the
tenth form, or leave school and go to technical (vocational) schools and
colleges.
After eleven years at school the school leavers take examinations and
get the Certificate of Complete Secondary Education. Those who have
only excellent marks in the Certificate get a gold medal, which gives the
right to enter higher school taking only one examination.
The admission to higher school is competitive and based on the
system of entrance examinations, usually three or four. During the examinations
the school leavers must show their abilities in the chosen
field. Young people also have an option to get specialized secondary
education in vocational schools after leaving the eleventh form.
Among higher educational establishments are institutes (colleges),
academies and universities. The term of studying in higher school is
from four to six years. Students can be involved in scientific research
while studying. At the end of their final year at college, university or
academy they take final examinations and get a diploma. Besides, they
can take postgraduate courses in the chosen field.
Schools in the United Kingdom
Education in the United Kingdom is compulsory from the age of
five to sixteen. Children under five go either to nursery schools, or to
playgroups. Both types of pre-primary educational establishments are
non-state; the difference is that a child spends the whole day in a
nursery school, while he or she can stay in a playgroup only for some
hours a day. Anyway, the main aim of such kind of establishments is to
make the children ready for primary schools. Children play, draw, model
things from clay and learn to work together.
Compulsory education for all children begins at the age of five.
There are 35,000 state schools in Britain. All of them are the responsibility
of the Local Educational Authorities (LEA). The LEA caters for
the curriculum and exams in each region; they also appoint head teachers
and held assessment tests at schools.
Primary school is for children from five to eleven. At first the studies
are more like playing than working; English teachers say that this is the
best way for children to get used to school. Probably they are right:lunchtime.
At the age of eleven pupils go to comprehensive schools. Children
usually wear a uniform; it is different in different schools. They study
Maths, English, Arts, English Literature, Geography, one or two foreign
languages, usually French, Italian or German, PE (Physical Education),
IT (Information Technology), Religion, Science, Biology, Sex Education
and other subjects.
At the end of their studies they take General Certificate of Secondary
Education examinations (GCSE) О-level, and then they either leave
school and start working or continue their studies at school or at college
for two more years. This is called the sixth form at school or the sixth
form college, and the students take only the subjects they need for
entering the university of their choice.
At the age of eighteen they take GCSE А-level. They usually take
three or four А-levels. There are no entrance exams to universities, so
the students can enter a university or a college on the results of their
А-level examinations.
Speaking about education in the UK it is necessary to say that there
is a great difference between state education and private education.
State schools are free, and about ninety per cent of all children attend
them. Private, or public schools are very expensive. These are usually
boarding schools, where children stay while they study, coming home
only on vacations. These schools are for children between thirteen and
eighteen. Before entering a public school children are usually educated
at home. State schools are usually mixed, while private schools are
typically single-sex, with a few exceptions.
Education in the United States
There is no federal educational standard in the USA. Schooling and
educational programmes are the responsibility of each state; this is why
one can find great differences in education from state to state. No
uniform demands exist on education in schools or universities throughout
the nation. In most states attending school is obligatory for children
between six and seventeen. Secondary education institutions include
elementary schools and high schools.
Higher education in the USA is not nation-wide. Colleges differ a
lot from each other in scale and level of education as well as in the
“quality” of diplomas given. There are private and state universities.
Private education is considered more prestigious. The most famous private
university is Harvard. Higher education is rather expensive in the
USA.A typical American university has two levels of education: two years
of undergraduate classes and two more years of graduate classes. The
undergraduate years are called the freshman and the sophomore year.
During the first and the second year the students take subjects of general
education: Science, Humanities, Arts. The specialization begins at
the third and the fourth years, named the junior and the senior year
respectively. After the fourth year at college, students get a Bachelor’s
degree. Graduates may specialize further and do research. They get a
Master’s Degree.
https://en.islcollective.com/english-esl-worksheets/vocabulary/school/education-uk/41255
https://www.liveworksheets.com/worksheets/en/Grammar/Verb_Tenses/Verb_tense_revision_lu2540923ae
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